What is Cumene?
It was written in the scientific and technological books of the Ming and Song Dynasties. However, there is no mention of "dry tea", so it was formed at the end of the Ming Dynasty, or it was not made of this thing, or it was not a common thing in Middle-earth, so it was not made.
Now called "dead tea", this thing is called cumin celery, which is an annual herb of the cumin celery family. Its origin is in the Mediterranean and Middle East, and it is found in our country. The seeds of dry tea have a special fragrance and are often used as a flavor, especially in cooking beef and mutton, etc., which can remove its fishy smell, increase its flavor, and add color to food. And the dry tea seeds also have a certain value, which can dissipate cold and relieve pain, promote blood circulation, etc.
The dry tea plants are short, upright, and multi-branched. The feathers are fully split, and the lobes are conical. The flowers are small, white or light pink, and gather into a convolute-shaped inflorescences. Its life is warm and dry, and it is drought-resistant. Nowadays, there are widespread plants in Xinjiang and other places in China. It has become one of the important crops in the land. It also has a place in the market and is deeply loved by people.
What are the main uses of Cumene?
Cumene, also known as cumene, is widely used. In the chemical industry, it is a key raw material for the preparation of phenol and acetone. This preparation process is achieved in two steps. First, cumene is oxidized to produce cumene hydroperoxide, and then it is decomposed to produce phenol and acetone. Phenol plays an important role in plastics, medicine, dyes and other industries. For example, it is used in the manufacture of phenolic resins. This resin is widely used in electrical appliances, automobiles and other fields. It is famous for its excellent insulation and heat resistance. Acetone is a commonly used organic solvent and is indispensable in the production of coatings and adhesives.
In the field of organic synthesis, cumene can be used as an alkylation agent to introduce isopropyl into organic molecules. With the help of Friedel-Crafts alkylation, cumene can react with aromatic hydrocarbons to form aromatic derivatives with isopropyl groups, which are widely used in the synthesis of fragrances and drugs. For example, in the synthesis of some fragrance components, cumene needs to be introduced into a specific structure to give the fragrance a unique aroma.
In addition, cumene can also be used to produce α-methylstyrene. α-methylstyrene can be polymerized to produce polymers with specific properties, which can play a role in coatings, rubber modification, etc., which can improve the hardness and wear resistance of materials. In short, cumene plays a crucial role in many aspects of chemical and organic synthesis, and has a profound impact on the development of related industries.
What are the production methods of Cumene?
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First, benzene and propylene are used as raw materials, and the alkylation reaction is carried out by the force of the catalyst. In the past, aluminum trichloride was mostly used as a catalyst. This agent has high activity, although it is corrosive, and the post-reaction treatment is complicated. Nowadays, more solid acid catalysts are used, such as zeolite molecular sieves. Such catalysts have good activity, high selectivity, and weak corrosiveness, and easy post-treatment. The reaction conditions are mild. Under appropriate temperature and pressure, benzene and propylene can be efficiently converted into cumene.
Second, propylene and toluene are used as raw materials and prepared through a series of reactions. First, propylene and toluene are side-chain alkylated to obtain intermediates, and then rearranged to obtain cumene. This approach has a wide range of raw materials, but the reaction steps are slightly complicated, and the reaction conditions need to be carefully regulated to ensure the yield and purity.
Third, there are other benzene-containing ring and propylene-containing compounds as starting materials, which are prepared by complex organic synthesis paths. However, due to the difficulty of raw materials and complex reactions, such methods are mostly limited to laboratory research, and industrial applications are fresh.
In summary, the alkylation reaction of benzene and propylene under the action of solid acid catalysts is currently the mainstream method for industrial preparation of cumene, because of its high efficiency, environmental protection and economic characteristics.
What are the physical and chemical properties of Cumene?
Cumene is an organic compound. Its physical and chemical properties are unique, and although it is not directly related to the content of "Tiangong Kaiwu", its properties can also be described in ancient Chinese.
In terms of physical properties, cumene is a colorless liquid at room temperature, with a fragrant taste, just like the ancient fragrance. Its boiling point is about 152 ° C, like the ancient warm soup, with a certain degree of volatilization. It is placed in an open container. After a long time, it gradually disappears, like the dissipation of mist. Its density is less than that of water. If mixed with water, it will float on the water, just like a light boat on blue waves.
When it comes to chemical properties, cumene is flammable. In case of open flames and hot topics, such as dry wood in case of fire, it is very easy to burn. Its fire is raging and the flame is dazzling. Under specific conditions, many chemical reactions can occur, such as oxidation, as if it has been eroded over time, and its properties are gradually changed. Under the action of catalysts, it can participate in a variety of reactions to generate other substances, which are like magic and become new, showing wonderful changes in organic compounds. Its chemical properties are lively, and it has a wide range of uses in the field of organic synthesis. It can be used as a raw material to produce other substances, just like masonry can build a building, and it is also an important substance in the chemical industry.
What are the precautions for Cumene during storage and transportation?
In the process of storage and transportation, many precautions must not be ignored.
First words storage. It should be placed in a cool and ventilated warehouse, away from fire and heat sources, and the warehouse temperature should not exceed 30 ° C. Because of its flammable nature, in case of open fire and high heat can cause combustion and explosion, fire prevention is essential. And it should be stored separately from oxidants and edible chemicals, and mixed storage should not be avoided to prevent violent chemical reactions. The storage area should be equipped with suitable materials to contain leaks. If there is a leak, it can be disposed of in time to avoid greater harm.
Second talk about transportation. The trough (tank) car used during transportation should have a grounding chain, and holes can be baffled in the trough to reduce shock and generate static electricity. Transportation vehicles should be equipped with corresponding varieties and quantities of fire equipment and leakage emergency treatment equipment. It is best to transport in the morning and evening in summer to avoid high temperature periods. Because of high temperature, its volatility increases and the risk factor increases. During transportation, it should be protected from exposure to the sun, rain and high temperature. Stopovers should be kept away from fires, heat sources and high temperature areas. The exhaust pipe of the vehicle carrying this item must be equipped with a fire resistance device, and it is forbidden to use mechanical equipment and tools that are prone to sparks for loading and unloading. When transporting by road, it should be driven according to the specified route, and do not stop in residential areas and densely populated areas. When transporting by rail, it is
In short, cumene must be treated with caution during storage and transportation, such as fire prevention, anti-static, and anti-mixed storage, in order to ensure the safety of the process.
